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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
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- INTERNET DRAFT
- Expires: February 25, 1994
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- Parameter Negotiation
- for the
- Multiprotocol Interconnect
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- Keith Sklower
- Computer Science Department
- University of California, Berkeley
-
- Clifford Frost
- Information Systems & Technology
- University of California, Berkeley
-
- 1. Status of This Memo This document is an Internet
- Draft. Internet Drafts are working documents of the Inter-
- net Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas, and its Work-
- ing Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
- working documents as Internet Drafts.
-
- Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of
- six months. Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or
- obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is not appro-
- priate to use Internet Drafts as reference material or to
- cite them other than as a ``working draft'' or ``work in
- progress.''
-
- Please check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the
- internet-drafts Shadow Directories on nic.ddn.mil,
- nnsc.nsf.net, nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.sri.com, or
- munnari.oz.au to learn the current status of any Internet
- Draft.
-
- 2. Abstract
-
- This document describes mechanisms for negotiating opera-
- tional parameters wherever the use of an ISO TR9577 NLPID is
- available.[6] For example, it is suitable for use in con-
- junction with RFC 1490 (Multiprotocol Over Frame Relay) and
- RFC 1356 (Multiprotocol Interconnect on X.25 and ISDN in the
- Packet Mode) [1,2], and potentially others. The mechanisms
- described here are intended as optional extensions, intended
- to facilitate interoperation in public networks were precon-
- figuration may not have been done symmetrically by all par-
- ties who wish to exchange information.
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 1]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
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- 3. Acknowledgements
-
- The authors wish to thank Brian Lloyd of Lloyd & Associates
- and Bill Simpson of Daydreamer, Inc. for extensive discus-
- sion of the PPP protocol, and this draft draws heavily on
- some ideas advanced by Bill in related work. Brad Steinke
- of Microcom, and Joel Halpern of Network Systems for useful
- suggestions, and especially Chris Ranch of Novell for
- details about the protocol itself.
-
- 4. Conventions
-
- The following language conventions are used in the items of
- specification in this document:
-
- o MUST, SHALL or MANDATORY -- the item is an absolute
- requirement of the specification.
-
- o SHOULD or RECOMMENDED -- the item should generally be
- followed for all but exceptional circumstances.
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- o MAY or OPTIONAL -- the item is truly optional and may
- be followed or ignored according to the needs of the
- implementor.
-
- 5. Introduction
-
- When parties wish to exchange information over a public data
- network, it may be useful to perform sanity checks, such as
- verifying that buffer sizes are sufficient to receive data
- being transmitted, or that there is agreement as to which
- protocols will be routed or bridged. As another example,
- there may be circumstance in which the identity of a calling
- party may not be readily available; thus some form of
- authentication may be desired.
-
- The Point-to-Point Protocol (RFC 1331 and 1332) provides a
- means of achieving these goals [3,4]. It is very general
- and can be adapted to any situation where there is a virtual
- point-to-point connection between parties wishing to
- exchange information. Both RFC's 1490 and 1331 specify
- details of framing and encapsulation in incompatible ways;
- however, one can accommodate PPP's encapsulation of control
- packets by prepending a NLPID without otherwise changing the
- description of the packets. Negotiations are currently
- under way with ANSI for the assignment of a NLPID; it is
- believed that the numeric value CF (hex) will be assigned to
- this purpose.
-
- Members of the IPLPDN group expressed the desire that param-
- eter negotiation as a whole be made optional, and also
- wanted to be able to renegotiate parameters at any time dur-
- ing the course of an association.
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 2]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
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- 6. Frame Format
-
- 6.1. Basic Format
-
- In this document, we propose prepending an NPLID to that
- portion of PPP control packets that follow link media head-
- ers, such as the two byte PPP address and control field.
- The NLPID value is 0xCF. A system SHOULD recognize incoming
- PPP data packets. We RECOMMEND that only control or negoti-
- ation type PPP packets be transmitted in this fashion, since
- RFCs 1490 and 1356 already specify a means of encapsulating
- data packets.
-
- Since we are proposing using this in conjunction with both
- RFC1490 and RFC1356, we give an example in each packet for-
- mat:
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 3]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
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- Sample Frame Relay PPP LCP packet
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Q.922 Address |
- +-- --+
- | |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Control (UI = 0x03) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Optional Pad(s) (0x00) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | NLPID 0xCF |
- +-----------------------------+
- | PPP Protocol (e.g. 0x0c) |
- +-- . --+
- | PPP Protocol (0x21 for LCP)|
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Data |
- | (e.g LCP Code ) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g LCP Identifier) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option Length)|
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option) |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Frame Check Sequence |
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 4]
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- Sample X.25 PPP LCP packet
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Address A or B 0x1 or 0x3 |
- +-- --+
- | LAPB Control |
- +-----------------------------+
- | D,Q bits | SVC# high order |
- +-----------------------------+
- | SVC low order |
- +-----------------------------+
- | p(r) | m_bit | p(s) | 0 |
- +-----------------------------+
- | NLPID 0xCF |
- +-----------------------------+
- | PPP Protocol (e.g. 0x0c) |
- +-- . --+
- | PPP Protocol (0x21 for LCP)|
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Data |
- | (e.g LCP Code ) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g LCP Identifier) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option Length)|
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | (e.g. LCP Option) |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- | . |
- +-----------------------------+
- | Frame Check Sequence |
- +-- . --+
- | (two octets) |
- +-----------------------------+
- | flag (7E hexadecimal) |
- +-----------------------------+
-
- Since one of the packet formats specified in RFC1356 permits
- logically prepending the call user data supplied when the
- virtual circuit was established to each packet transmitted
- over that virtual circuit, one could transmit PPP packet
- unchanged if the single byte NLPID is supplied as the call
- user data.
-
- RFC1356 allows the use of single SVC connections between
- systems (termed the null encapsulation) indicated by the use
- of a single byte CUD with value 0. In the elements of
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 5]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
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- proceedure described below, if a system initiates traffic
- over such an SVC and subsequently initiates parameter nego-
- tiation with a system that may not have implemented this
- extension, all traffic becomes blocked until the initiating
- system has exhausted its PPP timers, whereas the system will
- reject a call request with a single byte CUD with the PPP
- value immediately. Also, PPP encodings for some protocols
- are more compact. Thus we RECOMMEND that when there are
- sufficient SVCS available, traffic requiring parameter nego-
- tiation be sent over a separate SVC.
-
- 6.2. Supported Types
-
- The PPP protocol is a rich language and allows many options
- to be negotiated. An implementation MAY request any option
- specified by PPP, but MAY decline to support any option.
- Because PPP and Frame Relay encapsulations evolved indepen-
- dently, there are duplicate ways to obtain configuration
- information such as the IP address of the other end of the
- PVC - by inverse arp, or determine the transmit and receive
- buffer sizes - by XID negotiation. Where there are such
- choices, it is RECOMMENDED that an implementation adhere to
- practice specified in the Frame Relay and X.25 RFCs. Manual
- configuration also implicitly provides information that may
- otherwise have been explicitly negotiated.
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- 7. Elements of Proceedure
-
- As noted above, people have expressed the desire not to be
- required to conduct any negotiations before transmitting
- data packets in a public data network environment. Thus, an
- implementation MAY silently ignore any SNAP encapsulated PPP
- packet. If an implementation responds to LCP packets, it
- MUST traverse the LCP state diagram according to RFC1331.
-
- If an implementation responds to NCP packets for any partic-
- ular protocol, it MUST otherwise obey the rules of the RFC
- for that corresponding NCP.
-
- An implementation MUST NOT accept the address and control
- field option. An implementation MAY accept the protocol
- identifier compression option; however in the case of frame
- relay use, we interpret this to mean that the NLPID always
- remains present, but the higher order zero valued byte of
- the protocol identifier field may be removed.
-
- One reason for making negotiations optional is cost; there
- are environments which charge by the packet and there are
- applications such as mail hubs which generally exchange only
- a few data packets with a given remote host and then will
- not exchange any other packets for relatively long periods
- of time.
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 6]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
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- Another reason is simplicity of implementation. For use of
- small computers at home, people may wish to be able to only
- support the required packet framing. Or, for routers at
- campus or business hubs, this could reduce memory require-
- ments from having to maintain state information for hundreds
- of virtual point-to-point connections.
-
- Another reason is reduction of latency.
-
- 8. References
-
- [1] Bradley, T., Brown, C., and Malis, A., "Multiprotocol
- Interconnect over Frame Relay", Network Working Group,
- RFC-1490, January 1992.
-
- [2] Malis, A., Robinson, D., Ullman R., "Multiprotocol
- Interconnect on X.25 and ISDN in the Packet Mode", Net-
- work Working Group, RFC-1356, August 1992.
-
- [3] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) for the
- Transmission of Multi-protocol Datagrams over Point-to-
- Point Links", Network Working Group, RFC-1331, May
- 1992.
-
- [4] McGregor, G., "The PPP Internet Protocol Control Proto-
- col (IPCP)" Network Working Group, RFC-1332, May 1992.
-
- [5] Postel, J. and Reynolds, J., "A Standard for the Trans-
- mission of IP Datagrams over IEEE 802 Networks", ISI,
- RFC-1042, February 1988.
-
- [6] International Organization for Standardization, "Infor-
- mation technology - Telecommunications and Informations
- exchange between systems - Protocol identification in
- the network layer", Technical Report 9577, October
- 1990.
-
- [7] Simpson, W. A., "PPP in Frame Relay" and "PPP in X.25",
- Lansing Michigan, 1993, unpublished.
-
- 9. Authors' Addresses
-
- Keith Sklower
- Computer Science Department
- 570 Evans Hall
- University of California
- Berkeley, CA 94720
-
- Phone: (510) 642-9587
- E-mail: sklower@cs.Berkeley.EDU
-
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- Sklower & Frost [Page 7]
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- Draft Parameter Negotiation August 1993
-
-
- Clifford Frost
- Information Systems & Technology
- 275 Evans Hall
- University of California
- Berkeley, CA 94720
-
- Phone: (510) 642-5360
- E-mail: cliff@cmsa.Berkeley.EDU
-
- 10. Expiration Date of this Draft
-
- February 25, 1994
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